Blood supply to the neck, head & brain
Product code: HP0309
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Whole Whole region / system / unpaired organ.
The neck, head and brain receive a rich blood supply primarily from branches of the subclavian and carotid arteries. Visualising the position and interconnections of this network of vessels is complex. Starting at the heart, this Silicone Plastinate enables the origin, course, shape, orientation, and relations of the arterial tree to be followed, alongside key anatomical relations. At a glance, the morphology, route and relations of circulation to the brain can be visualised, and used to determine the consequences of aneurysm, skull fracture, stenosis of the foramen transversarium or regional tumour. Various levels of facial dissection enable exploration of the external carotid arterial system, including its role in supplying the meninges.
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Complementary left-right side views
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Polymer injected arteries
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Stand mounted
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Human tissue with unique ID
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Full aftersales support
Key features include
General
- Whole head and neck, with brain.
- Superior half (minimum) of the thoracic part of the vertebral column and posterior parts of the associated ribs.
- Heart with the great and systemic vessels of the thorax.
Head
- Left and right sides of cranium (calvaria, base and viscerocranium) removed (central part retained) to reveal brain and orbit.
- Cranial dura removed (one side) and can be reflected (opposite side) to reveal the brain and cortical vessels covered in arachnoid.
- Relationship of meningeal arteries to the cranial dura.
- Anterior part of temporal lobe removed, and carotid canal and cavernous sinus opened on one side to reveal the course and branching (some) of the internal carotid artery.
- Right side view of cerebral arterial circle (Willis).
- Origin, course, and branching (variable amounts visible) of the middle and posterior cerebral arteries.
- Part of the cerebellum is removed to reveal the posterior cerebral artery and superior cerebellar artery.
- Anterior part of frontal lobe removed on one side to reveal the anterior cerebral arteries.
- Lateral view of the arteries supplying the brainstem and cerebellum.
- Orbit and its contents revealed from a lateral perspective, with different structures shown across the left and right sides.
- Relationship of the orbit with the maxillary sinus.
- Deep part and contents of infratemporal fossae revealed variably on each side.
- Maxillary and mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve (CN V) exiting the cranium.
- Lateral view of the pharynx, including the styloid process and its related muscles and ligaments.
- Buccinator removed on both sides to reveal the oral cavity and tongue.
- Muscles of facial expression retained (one side) and removed (opposite side) to reveal the labial glands and the emergence of supraorbital, infraorbital, and mental neurovasculature from their respective foramen.
- External and middle ear, and the osseous part of the auditory tube.
Neck
- Branches of the subclavian arteries.
- Foramen transversarium and foramen magnum opened on one side to reveal the vertebral artery passing to the posterior cranial fossa.
- Origin, course, and bifurcation of the common carotid arteries.
- Branches of the external carotid artery.
- Course and relations of the internal carotid artery.
- Position and course of the vagus (CN X), spinal accessory (CNXI), and hypoglossal (CN XII) nerve.
- Scalenus muscles removed to reveal the emergence of the cervical spinal nerves from the intervertebral foramina, and the proximal parts of the cervical and brachial plexuses.
- Hyoid bone and structure of the larynx, including the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, associated membranes, and cricothyroid muscle.
- Neurovascular supply to the larynx.
- Attachments of the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles.
- Thyroid gland, and the origin and course its arterial supply.
- Suboccipital triangle and associated nerves (one side).
Thorax
- Superior 6-10 thoracic vertebrae and posterior parts of the associated ribs, with intercostal muscles and neurovascular bundles.
- Apical region of the thoracic cavity, with parietal pleura removed to reveal the superior thoracic aperture and associated structures, including the root of the T1 spinal nerve and sympathetic trunk.
- Thoracic part of sympathetic trunk, with grey and white communicating branches (rami communicans) and various thoracic splanchnic nerves.
- External features of the heart and the relative positions and morphology of the atria and ventricles.
- Chambers of the heart and the great vessels.
- Epicardium and epicardial fat removed to reveal the origin, main branches, and territory of the coronary arteries.
- Superior and inferior vena cava entering the right atrium.
- Ascending aorta, aortic arch, and thoracic aorta.
- Origin and course of the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery from the aortic arch.
- Bifurcation of brachiocephalic trunk.
- Pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, and pulmonary veins.
- Posterior intercostal arteries originating from the descending thoracic aorta.
- Ligamentum arteriosum.
- Course and relations of the thoracic part of the vagus nerves (CN X), including the origin and course of the recurrent laryngeal nerves and oesophageal plexus.
- Origin, course, relations, and bifurcation of the trachea.
- Course and branching of the left and right main bronchi.
- Course and relations of the thoracic part of oesophagus.
Possible variants or pathology (not guaranteed)
- Absent teeth (edentulous).
- Caries (cavities) in teeth and/or dental fillings.
- Morphology and position of glands and viscera.
- Thyroid or salivary gland tumour or cyst.
- Position of carotid bifurcation.
- Aneurysm and atherosclerosis of carotid vessels.
- Branching patterns of arteries and nerves.
- Tortuosity of arteries.
- Myocardial bridges.
- Coronary artery dominance and branching pattern.
- Branching pattern of the arteries originating from the aortic arch.
- Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries or aorta.
- Dilation or aneurysm of the aorta.
- Number of pulmonary veins entering left atrium.
- Coronary artery bypass graft.
- Number of thoracic vertebrae.
Available customisations
- Bilateral laminectomy to reveal the blood supply of the spinal cord and associated structures.
- Please contact us to discuss bespoke customisations.
