Infratemporal fossa & parapharyngeal space
Product code: HP0202
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Single Side Left or right side of a region / system / organ.
The infratemporal fossa and parapharyngeal space contain a complex collection of neurovascular structures, combined with muscles and viscera. This Silicone Plastinate simplifies the study of these regions by revealing the position and course of key neurovascular structures, and their relationship to regional muscles and bone. The median sagittal section enables exploration of the nasal and oral cavities, pharynx, and larynx. Removal of the brain reveals the cranial fossae, dural formations (some), and the points of cranial nerve exit from and arterial entry into the cranial cavity.
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Polymer injected arteries
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Stand mounted
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Human tissue with unique ID
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Full aftersales support
Key features include
General
- Half head and neck (left or right), including the superior thoracic vertebrae and ribs, sternum, and medial clavicle.
- Position and contents of the infratemporal fossa and parapharyngeal space.
- Medial view of a median sagittal section of the head and neck.
- Most veins removed to provide clear views of underlying structures.
Head
- Zygoma mostly removed and coronoid process and part of ramus of mandible reflected to reveal the infratemporal fossa, and its main neural contents, including the lingual, inferior alveolar, and buccal nerves.
- Brain removed to reveal the dura-lined cranial cavity and base of skull, and the sites of cranial nerve and blood vessel exit from/entry into the cranial cavity.
- Position and course of meningeal arteries (visible through cranial dura).
- Formations (folds) of the cranial dura and venous sinuses (not all).
- Position of the frontal and sphenoid sinuses.
- Relationship between the pituitary fossa and sphenoid sinus.
- Oral cavity, and the position and structure of the palate (soft and hard), tongue and floor (inferior region) of mouth.
- Submandibular salivary gland, and its anatomical relations.
- Nasal cavity, nasal meatae, nasal concha and nasal choana: Part of the nasal septum may remain.
- Auricle and external acoustic meatus.
- Muscles of mastication (masseter removed) and facial muscles (central face and head).
- Eyelids and palpebral fissure.
- Emergence of supraorbital, infraorbital, and mental nerves, onto the face from their respective foramen.
- Facial nerve emerging from the stylomastoid foramen, including its initial branching (parotid gland removed).
- Course of inferior alveolar nerve and artery in part of the mandibular canal.
- Structure of the temporomandibular joint (sagittal cut) with attachments of the lateral pterygoid muscle.
- Arterial and nerve supply to the scalp.
Neck
- Partial or complete removal of sternocleidomastoid, various hypaxial and epaxial muscles of the back, and veins to provide clear views of the arteries, nerves, and deep muscles of the neck.
- Course and bifurcation of the common carotid artery.
- Position and course of the vagus (CN X), hypoglossal (CN XII), and phrenic nerves, and ansa cervicalis.
- Suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles.
- Arrangement, attachments, and relations of the scalenus muscles.
- Brachial plexus emerging from between the scalenus muscles.
- Innervation of the larynx, by branches of the superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves.
- Position of the cervical plexus and some of its branches,
- Structure and position of the thyroid gland, and superior thyroid artery.
- Structure of the larynx, including the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, associated membranes, and the vocal and vestibular folds.
- Hyoid bone and related (attached) structures.
- Position, structure, regions, and communication of the pharynx, including the torus tubarius.
- Location and communication of the retropharyngeal (danger) space.
- Structure of the vertebral column (superior part), including the intervertebral discs and median atlanto-axial joint (medial view).
- Spinal cord in the vertebral canal, with meningeal coverings and epidural space.
- Suboccipital region and its contents, including regional muscles, triangles, and nerves.
- Apical region of thorax, with parietal pleura removed to reveal the superior thoracic aperture and associated structures, including the root of the T1 spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk and ganglia.
- Structure of the superior part of the thoracic wall, including the intercostal spaces, sternoclavicular joint, and medial clavicle.
Possible variants or pathology (not guaranteed)
- Absent teeth (edentulous).
- Caries (cavities) in teeth and/or dental fillings.
- Morphology and position of glands and viscera.
- Thyroid or salivary gland tumour or cyst.
- Pituitary gland may not be present in pituitary fossa.
- Visibility and pneumatisation of paranasal sinuses.
- Position of carotid bifurcation.
- Aneurysm and atherosclerosis of carotid vessels.
- Tortuosity of arteries.
- Branching patterns of vessels, nerves and nerve plexuses.
Available customisations
- Retain brain (cerebrum, brainstem and cerebellum).
- Reveal structure of sternoclavicular joint (coronal cut).
- Retain internal jugular vein (note, limits visibility of underlying structures).
- Reflect tongue to expose mucosa of the inferior (floor of) mouth and openings of the salivary ducts.
- Please contact us to discuss bespoke customisations.
