Facial muscles, neck triangles & cranial cavity
Product code: HP0203
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Single Side Left or right side of a region / system / organ.
The facial muscles play key roles in communication, feeding and maintenance of eye health. Their correct function is critical for normal functioning and wellbeing. A knowledge of their functions and pattern of innervation is essential in clinical examination and diagnosis. This Silicone Plastinate reveals key facial muscles and their pattern of innervation by the facial nerve, and the relationship of the facial nerve with the parotid gland. The boundaries and most contents of the anterior triangle of the neck, and of the medial part of the posterior triangle (lateral region) of the neck, are shown in their anatomical position.
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Polymer injected arteries
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Stand mounted
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Human tissue with unique ID
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Full aftersales support
Key features include
General
- Half head and neck (left or right), including the superior thoracic vertebrae and ribs, sternum, and medial clavicle.
- Medial view of a median sagittal section of the head and neck.
- Most veins removed to provide clear views of underlying structures.
Head
- Facial muscles, and their innervation from branches of the facial nerve (CN VII).
- Parotid gland (superficial part) and the course of parotid duct to its passage through the buccinator muscle.
- Branches of the facial nerve (CN VII) emerging from the parotid gland, with their interconnections and distribution.
- Brain removed to reveal the dura-lined cranial cavity and base of skull, and the sites of cranial nerve and blood vessel exit from/entry into the cranial cavity.
- Position and course of meningeal arteries (visible through cranial dura).
- Inferiorly located formations (folds) of the cranial dura and venous sinuses (not all).
- Position of the frontal and sphenoid sinuses.
- Relationship between the pituitary fossa and sphenoid sinus.
- Oral cavity, and the position and structure of the palate (soft and hard), tongue and floor (inferior region) of mouth.
- Submandibular salivary gland, and its anatomical relations.
- Nasal cavity, nasal meatae, nasal concha and nasal choana: Part of the nasal septum may remain.
- Pinna and external acoustic meatus.
- Eyelids and palpebral fissure.
- Position and anatomical relations of masseter and temporalis.
- Emergence of supraorbital, infraorbital, and mental nerves and arteries, onto the face from their respective foramen.
- Arterial and nerve supply to the scalp.
Neck
- Muscles of the posterior neck and back (superior part) in-situ (splenius capitis, serratus posterior superior) or partially removed (levator scapula, trapezius).
- Anterior triangle of the neck, its sub-triangles and contents.
- Medial part of the posterior triangle (lateral region) of the neck and its contents.
- Suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles.
- Position and course of the vagus (CN X), hypoglossal (CN XII), spinal accessory (CN XI) and phrenic nerves, and ansa cervicalis.
- Veins removed to reveal the common carotid artery and its bifurcation.
- Arrangement, attachments, and relations of the scalenus muscles.
- Brachial plexus and subclavian artery emerging from between the scalenus muscles.
- Cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus emerging from the nerve point of the neck, and their course.
- Structure and position of the thyroid gland, and superior thyroid artery.
- Structure of the larynx, including the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, associated membranes, and the vocal and vestibular folds.
- Hyoid bone and related (attached) structures.
- Position, structure, regions, and communication of the pharynx, including the torus tubarius.
- Location and communication of the retropharyngeal (danger) space.
- Structure of the vertebral column (superior part), including the intervertebral discs and median atlanto-axial joint (medial view).
- Spinal cord in the vertebral canal, with meningeal coverings and epidural space.
- Apical region of thorax, with parietal pleura removed to reveal the superior thoracic aperture and associated structures, including the root of the T1 spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk and ganglia.
- Structure of the superior part of the thoracic wall, including the intercostal spaces, sternoclavicular joint, and medial clavicle.
Possible variants or pathology (not guaranteed)
- Absent teeth (edentulous).
- Caries (cavities) in teeth and/or dental fillings.
- Morphology and position of glands and viscera.
- Thyroid or salivary gland tumour or cyst.
- Foramen in cranium for emissary veins.
- Pituitary gland may not be present in pituitary fossa.
- Morphology of nasal conchae.
- Visibility and pneumatisation of paranasal sinuses.
- Position of carotid bifurcation.
- Aneurysm and atherosclerosis of carotid vessels.
- Tortuosity of arteries.
- Branching patterns of vessels, nerves and nerve plexuses.
Available customisations
- Retain brain, brainstem and cerebellum.
- Reveal structure of sternoclavicular joint (coronal cut).
- Retain internal jugular vein (note, limits visibility of underlying structures).
- Retain upper part of platysma (3-4 cm) with its innervation.
- Please contact us to discuss bespoke customisations.
