Fasciae of the axilla, thorax & neck
Product code: HP0512
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Single Side Left or right side of a region / system / organ.
The fascial system of the body consists of numerous interconnected collagen-containing fibrous connective tissues. It is conceptualised as a continuous three-dimensional system that is present throughout the body, from skin to bone. A knowledge of the fascial system and fascial layers is relevant to many health-related disciplines. This Silicone Plastinate reveals parts of the fascial system of the axilla, thorax and neck, including their interconnections and fibre arrangements. The fasciae and associated structures have been positioned to reveal layered arrangements relevant to normal function, clinical examination and interventional procedures (e.g. regional anaesthesia).
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Polymer injected arteries
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Stand mounted
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Human tissue with unique ID
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Full aftersales support
Key features include
General
- Half neck, superior thorax, pectoral girdle and proximal arm.
- Most veins removed to provide clear views of underlying structures.
- Numerous fascial tissues and layers, including epimysium, are retained.
Neck
- Various layers of cervical fascia including the superficial investing, visceral and deep investing fascia, and associated spaces and compartments of the neck.
- Superficial investing fascia opened to reveal sternocleidomastoid.
- Laryngopharynx and associated part of the retropharyngeal (danger) space.
- Part of the lateral region (posterior triangle) of the neck and associated neurovasculature.
- Deep investing cervical fascia covering the scalenus muscles and brachial plexus.
- Axillary artery and brachial plexus covered in axillary sheath.
- Cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus emerging from the nerve point of the neck, and their course (distribution).
- Structure of the vertebral column (superior part), including the intervertebral discs (medial view).
- Spinal cord in the vertebral canal, with meningeal coverings and epidural space.
Thorax and axilla
- Various thoracic fasciae including the pectoral, clavipectoral, thoracic and axillary fascia, and their interconnections.
- Suspensory ligament of the axilla joining the axillary fascia
- Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior and associated fasciae cut and reflected to reveal their arrangement.
- Interpectoral plane and sub-serratus plane (relevant to regional anaesthesia).
- Regions (quadrants) of the breast.
- Fascial network (suspensory ligaments and septa) of the breast and their connection with the skin.
- Relationship of the base of the breast to the thoracic wall and retromammary space.
- Various perforator vessels entering the breast.
- Structure of the superior part of the thoracic wall, including the intercostal spaces, suprapleural membrane and parietal pleura.
- Initial course and tissue layer location of the intercostal and accessory intercostal neurovascular bundles.
- Structure and joints of the sternum.
- Common carotid and subclavian arteries, vagus nerve, and part of the carotid sheath.
- Parietal pleura and transversus thoracis cut and reflected to reveal the internal thoracic artery and its branching.
- Rectus sheath and relationship with various thoracic fasciae.
Upper limb and back
- Various upper limb fascia including the deltoid, brachial, supraspinatus, infraspinatus and epimysial fascia and their interconnections.
- Cutaneous nerves and perforating arteries penetrating the deep fascia.
- Position and attachments of trapezius (part), rhomboid minor and latissimus dorsi (part).
- Borders of the triangle of auscultation.
- Erector spinae muscles covered in the posterior layer of thoracolumbar fascia (seen via the triangle of auscultation).
- Deltoid reflected laterally to reveal the capsule of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
Possible variants or pathology (not guaranteed)
- Morphology and interconnections connections of fasciae.
- Presence and position of cutaneous nerves.
- Branching patterns of vessels and nerves.
- Position and course of vessels and nerves.
- Tortuosity of arteries.
- Arterial aneurysm and atherosclerosis.
- Positioning of the limb.
- Orthopaedic implants.
- Osteoarthritis and disease-related joint deformity.
- Rheumatological bone and soft tissue changes.
- Morphology and position of muscles.
- Attachment points and fibre arrangement of muscles.
- Age-related changes to muscles.
Available customisations
- Coronal cut through an intervertebral disc and associated vertebral bodies.
- Reflect part of the parietal pleura to reveal underlying structures.
- Retain parietal peritoneum and reflect part to reveal underlying structures.
- Retain part of the epimysium of trapezius and latissimus dorsi.
