Shoulder & axilla
Product code: HP0506
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Single Side Left or right side of a region / system / organ.
The axilla is an important anatomical space located between the superior part of the thoracic wall and proximal upper limb. It contains the neurovasculature supply to the upper limb and regional lymphatics. Its fat-filled structure permits upper limb movement without neurovascular compromise. A knowledge of regional anatomy is also important for clinical examination of lymph node groups draining the breast, thoracic wall, and upper limb. This Silicone Plastinate provides clear views of the boundaries and contents of the axilla and lateral region (posterior triangle) of the neck. The course, branching and destination of key neurovascular structures are revealed alongside common points for their access, entrapment, damage, or local block. The position and attachments of various scapulohumeral muscles and muscles of the thorax can also be explored.
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Polymer injected arteries
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Stand mounted
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Human tissue with unique ID
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Full aftersales support
Key features include
General
- Half neck, superior thorax, pectoral girdle and proximal arm.
- Most veins removed to provide clear views of underlying/nearby structures.
Neck
- Lateral region (posterior triangle) of the neck and various associated arteries and nerves.
- Sternocleidomastoid removed to reveal underlying structures.
- Arrangement and attachments of the scalenus muscles.
- Brachial plexus and subclavian artery emerging from between the scalenus anterior and medius muscles and passing into the axilla.
- Cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus emerging from the nerve point of the neck, and their course (distribution).
- Structure of the vertebral column (superior part), including the intervertebral discs (medial view).
- Spinal cord in the vertebral canal, with meningeal coverings and epidural space.
Axilla, upper limb and thorax
- Various muscles are cut, lifted, or reflected to reveal deeper muscles, neurovascular structures, and the axilla.
- Position and attachments of various hypaxial muscles of the back and muscles of the thorax to the scapula and humerus (trapezius and latissimus dorsi mostly removed).
- Scapula with related scapulohumeral muscles including the rotator cuff and deltoid.
- Deltoid reflected laterally to reveal the attachments of the rotator cuff muscles, the axillary nerve, and the coracoacromial ligament.
- Borders (most), regional connections, and neurovascular contents of the axilla.
- Relationship of brachial plexus to the axillary artery, and branches of both within the axilla.
- Course and relations of the branches of the brachial plexus in the proximal arm, including the median, musculocutaneous, axillary, ulnar and radial nerves.
- Capsule of the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
- Tendon of the long head of biceps brachii in the intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove).
- Acromioclavicular joint and the conoid and trapezoid ligaments.
- Boundaries and neurovascular contents of key regions including the triangular space, triangular interval, and quadrangular space.
- Structure of the superior part of the thoracic wall, including the intercostal spaces, and sternoclavicular joint.
- Course of the internal thoracic artery and posterior intercostal neurovasculature.
- Apical region of the thorax, with the parietal pleura removed to reveal the superior thoracic aperture and associated structures, including the root of the T1 spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk and sympathetic ganglia.
Possible variants or pathology (not guaranteed)
- Branching patterns of vessels, nerves, and nerve plexuses.
- Position and course of vessels and nerves.
- Tortuosity of arteries.
- Arterial aneurysm and atherosclerosis.
- Positioning of the limbs.
- Orthopaedic implants.
- Osteoarthritis and disease-related joint deformity.
- Rheumatological bone and soft tissue changes.
- Morphology and position of muscles.
- Muscle attachment points, morphology, and fibre arrangement.
- Age-related changes to muscles.
Available customisations
- Coronal cut through an intervertebral disc and associated vertebral bodies.
- Retain viscera of the neck in its anatomical position.
- Retain carotid sheath and its contents.
- Please contact us to discuss bespoke customisations.
