Pectoral girdle, shoulder & axilla
Product code: HP0511
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2 Halves Region / system / unpaired organ presented in two halves.
The pectoral girdle, shoulder, and axilla function together to enable a wide range of upper limb movement, with the design of the axilla preventing compromise of the neurovascular supply. The numerous associated muscles are arranged in layers, with some forming the boundaries of the axilla. A knowledge of regional anatomy is important for proficient clinical examination. This Silicone Plastinate reveals the layered arrangement of regional muscles, with more superficial level structures and veins shown on one side and deeper level structures on the opposite side. The course, branching and destination of key neurovascular structures are revealed alongside common points for their access, entrapment, damage, or local block. The position, boundaries and various content of the axilla can also be explored.
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Complementary left-right side views
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Polymer injected arteries
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Stand mounted
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Human tissue with unique ID
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Full aftersales support
Key features include
General
- Neck, superior thorax, and proximal upper limb, cut along median sagittal plane and presented as two (left and right) halves.
- Superficial level structures and veins shown on one side and deeper level structures without veins shown on the opposite side.
Neck
- Lateral region (posterior triangle) of the neck and various associated neurovasculature shown with different levels of dissection across the left and right sides.
- Sternocleidomastoid removed on both sides to reveal underlying structures.
- Arrangement and attachments of the scalenus muscles.
- Brachial plexus and subclavian artery emerging from between the scalenus anterior and medius muscles and passing into the axilla, alongside the subclavian vein (one side).
- Cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus emerging from the nerve point of the neck, and the proximal part of their course (distribution).
- Structure of the vertebral column (superior part), including the intervertebral discs (medial view).
- Spinal cord in the vertebral canal, with meningeal coverings and epidural space.
Axilla, upper limb and thorax
- Muscles of the pectoral girdle and proximal arm shown mainly in the anatomical position on one side, with different levels of dissection/structure shown across the left and right sides.
- Various muscles are cut, lifted, or reflected to progressively reveal deeper muscles, neurovascular structures, and the axilla.
- Window cut in pectoralis major (one side) to reveal pectoralis minor and its relationship with the axilla and related neurovasculature.
- Pectoralis major and minor both removed (one side) to provide clear views of the axilla and related arteries and nerves.
- Position and attachments of various hypaxial muscles of the back and muscles of the thorax to the scapula and humerus.
- Scapula with related scapulohumeral muscles (e.g., rotator cuff and deltoid) and their nerve supply, revealed differentially across the left and right sides.
- Deltoid in-situ (one side) and reflected (opposite side) to reveal the glenohumeral joint capsule, coracoacromial ligament, and structures related to the proximal humerus.
- Acromioclavicular joint and the conoid and trapezoid ligaments (one side).
- Borders (most), regional connections, and neurovascular contents of the axilla.
- Relationship of brachial plexus to the axillary artery, and their branches within the axilla.
- Course and relations of the branches of the brachial plexus in the proximal arm, including the median, musculocutaneous, axillary, ulnar, and radial nerves.
- Boundaries and neurovascular contents of key regions including the triangular space, triangular interval, and quadrangular space.
- Structure of the superior part of the thoracic wall, including the intercostal spaces and sternoclavicular joint.
- Course of the internal thoracic artery and posterior intercostal neurovasculature.
- Apical region of the thorax, with the parietal pleura removed to reveal the superior thoracic aperture and associated structures, including the root of the T1 spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk and ganglia.
Possible variants or pathology (not guaranteed)
- Branching patterns of vessels, nerves, and nerve plexuses.
- Position and course of vessels and nerves.
- Tortuosity of arteries.
- Arterial aneurysm and atherosclerosis.
- Positioning of the limbs.
- Orthopaedic implants.
- Osteoarthritis and disease-related joint deformity.
- Rheumatological bone and soft tissue changes.
- Morphology and position of muscles.
- Muscle attachment points, morphology, and fibre arrangement.
- Age-related changes to muscles.
Available customisations
- Retain viscera of the mediastinum and neck (displayed in anatomical position).
- Retain viscera of the mediastinum and neck (displayed differentially via systems on the left and right sides).
- Retain veins on both left and right sides.
- Reveal thoracic duct.
- Retain various mediastinal, axillary and cervical lymph nodes.
- Please contact us to discuss bespoke customisations.
