Cranium & cranial nerves
Product code: HB70302
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Whole Whole region / system / unpaired organ.
The human cranium (skull) houses and protects the brain and special sensory organs, conveys nerves to/from the body and, together with the mandible, is involved in breathing, feeding and communication. The structure of the cranium and mandible reflect this wide array of functions. This Bones specimen provides uninterrupted views of the morphology, features, landmarks, and joint surfaces of the bones of the cranium and mandible. The styloid process, lamina papyracea, pterygoid hamulus, nutrient and neural foramina are also revealed, alongside grooves for vessels and nerves. The calvaria is removable, allowing exploration of the cranial fossae and cranial base, and the position, foramen of exit/entry and branches (some) of the cranial nerves and the internal carotid artery.
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Human tissue with unique ID
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Full aftersales support
Key features include
- Cranium (skull) with mandible.
- Mandible attached via springs to allow articulation of the temporomandibular joint.
- Calvaria removable (transverse cut) to reveal internal anatomy, including the cranial cavity, cranial fossae, and cranial base.
- Course and various branches of the cranial nerves and the internal carotid artery shown on one side (modelled from a coloured plastic material).
- Maxillary sinus opened (one side) to reveal various alveolar nerves.
- Body of the mandible opened (one side) to reveal the mandibular nerve and various branches.
- Walls of the orbit, with their foramen, communications, and anatomical relations.
- Orbital plate of ethmoidal labyrinth (lamina papyracea).
- Nasal cavity with nasal septum, conchae and meatae.
- Maxilla and mandible, with alveolar arches, alveoli, and teeth (variable number).
- Suture, fibrous and synovial joints of the cranium and mandible.
- Impressions (grooves) formed by vessels, nerves, dural sinuses and arachnoid granulations.
Possible variants or pathology (not guaranteed)
- Osteoporosis.
- Osteoarthritis and disease-related joint deformity.
- Rheumatological bone changes.
- Sites of previous bone fracture.
- Number of teeth in the maxilla and mandible.
- Presence of the auditory ossicles.
- Altered morphology of the edentulous mandible.
- Surgical intervention (e.g. burr hole, plates, screws).
